One of Napoleon's greatest achievements was his supervision of the revision and collection of French law into codes. The new law codes—seven in number—incorporated some of the freedoms gained by the people of France during the French revolution, including religious toleration and the abolition of serfdom. The most famous of the codes, the Code Napoleon or Code Civil, still forms the basis of French civil law. Napoleon also centralized France's government by appointing prefects to administer regions called departments, into which France was divided.
Napoleon is generally credited with having consolidated the gains of
the Revolution ("With the exception of fathering the Civil Code,
Napoleon perhaps gloried more in his reputation as consolidator of the
Revolution than in any other one title," Robert B. Holtman observed).
In this sense he can be credited with having 'saved' the Revolution by
ending it. Had the Bourbons come back to power in 1799 instead of
Napoleon, they would at that time had less trouble "turning back the
clock" to the ancient regime than they had in 1814.
War of the Sixth Coalition
A British etching from 1814 in celebration of Napoleon's first exile to Elba at the close of the War of the Sixth Coalition
There was a lull in fighting over the winter of 1812–13 while both the Russians and the French recovered from their massive losses. A small Russian army harassed the French in Poland and eventually French troops withdrew to the German states to rejoin the expanding force there. This force continued to expand to the point where Napoleon could field a force of 360,000 troops.[68]
Heartened by Napoleon's losses in Russia, Prussia rejoined the Coalition that now included Russia, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Portugal. Napoleon assumed command in Germany and inflicted a series of defeats on the Allies which culminated in the Battle of Dresden on 26–27 August 1813 - the battle resulted in almost 26,000 casualties to the Coalition forces, whilst the French sustained only around 8,000.[69]
Despite these initial successes, the numbers continued to mount against Napoleon as Sweden and Austria joined the Coalition. Eventually the French army was pinned down by a force twice its size at the Battle of Leipzig from 16–19 October. Some of the German states switched sides in the midst of the battle to fight against France. This was by far the largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars and cost more than 90,000 casualties in total.[70]
Napoleon withdrew back into France; his army was now reduced to 70,000 men still in formed units and 40,000 stragglers, against more than three times as many Allied troops.[71] The French were surrounded and vastly outnumbered: British armies pressed from the south, in addition to other Coalition forces positioned to attack from the German states. Napoleon won a series of victories in the Six Days Campaign, though this was not significant enough to change the overall strategic position and Paris was captured by the Coalition in March 1814.
When Napoleon proposed the army march on the capital, his Marshals decided to mutiny. On 4 April, led by Ney, they confronted Napoleon. Ney said the army would not march on Paris. Napoleon asserted the army would follow him and Ney replied the army would follow its generals. On 6 April 1814, Napoleon abdicated in favour of his son, but the Allies refused to accept this and demanded unconditional surrender. Napoleon abdicated again, unconditionally, on 11 April; however, the Allies allowed him to retain his title of Emperor. In the Treaty of Fontainebleau the victors exiled him to Elba, a small island in the Mediterranean Sea 20 km off the coast of Italy. Napoleon attempted to commit suicide by taking poison from a vial he carried. However, the poison had weakened with age and he survived to be deported whilst his wife and son took refuge in Vienna. In exile, he ran Elba as a little country, created a tiny navy and army, opened mines, and helped farmers improve their land.
Napoleon Bonaparte became born the fifteenth of August, 1769 on Corsica, in simple terms 3 months after the island were defeated by skill of the French. He could spend his babies hating France, the rustic he could sometime rule. After the French victory, many Corsican rebels fled to the mountains, the place they persevered to combat on. yet Napoleon’s father Carlo, a twenty-3 3 hundred and sixty 5 days-old college student, rather in simple terms submitted to French rule. quickly he became wearing powdered wigs, embroidered waistcoats, and silver buckled shoes. The Bonapartes have been Corsican aristocrats, yet they weren't prosperous. With 8 babies, they struggled just to get by skill of on an island that were impoverished for hundreds of years. Napoleon in no way forgave his father for betraying his Corsican history. He could later say harshly that Carlo became somewhat "too prepared on excitement." His mom, Letizia, became a stressful, austere lady, toughened by skill of warfare, who punished her babies to coach them sacrifice and self-discipline...
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One of Napoleon's greatest achievements was his supervision of the revision and collection of French law into codes. The new law codes—seven in number—incorporated some of the freedoms gained by the people of France during the French revolution, including religious toleration and the abolition of serfdom. The most famous of the codes, the Code Napoleon or Code Civil, still forms the basis of French civil law. Napoleon also centralized France's government by appointing prefects to administer regions called departments, into which France was divided.
Napoleon is generally credited with having consolidated the gains of
the Revolution ("With the exception of fathering the Civil Code,
Napoleon perhaps gloried more in his reputation as consolidator of the
Revolution than in any other one title," Robert B. Holtman observed).
In this sense he can be credited with having 'saved' the Revolution by
ending it. Had the Bourbons come back to power in 1799 instead of
Napoleon, they would at that time had less trouble "turning back the
clock" to the ancient regime than they had in 1814.
War of the Sixth Coalition
A British etching from 1814 in celebration of Napoleon's first exile to Elba at the close of the War of the Sixth Coalition
There was a lull in fighting over the winter of 1812–13 while both the Russians and the French recovered from their massive losses. A small Russian army harassed the French in Poland and eventually French troops withdrew to the German states to rejoin the expanding force there. This force continued to expand to the point where Napoleon could field a force of 360,000 troops.[68]
Heartened by Napoleon's losses in Russia, Prussia rejoined the Coalition that now included Russia, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Portugal. Napoleon assumed command in Germany and inflicted a series of defeats on the Allies which culminated in the Battle of Dresden on 26–27 August 1813 - the battle resulted in almost 26,000 casualties to the Coalition forces, whilst the French sustained only around 8,000.[69]
Despite these initial successes, the numbers continued to mount against Napoleon as Sweden and Austria joined the Coalition. Eventually the French army was pinned down by a force twice its size at the Battle of Leipzig from 16–19 October. Some of the German states switched sides in the midst of the battle to fight against France. This was by far the largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars and cost more than 90,000 casualties in total.[70]
Napoleon withdrew back into France; his army was now reduced to 70,000 men still in formed units and 40,000 stragglers, against more than three times as many Allied troops.[71] The French were surrounded and vastly outnumbered: British armies pressed from the south, in addition to other Coalition forces positioned to attack from the German states. Napoleon won a series of victories in the Six Days Campaign, though this was not significant enough to change the overall strategic position and Paris was captured by the Coalition in March 1814.
When Napoleon proposed the army march on the capital, his Marshals decided to mutiny. On 4 April, led by Ney, they confronted Napoleon. Ney said the army would not march on Paris. Napoleon asserted the army would follow him and Ney replied the army would follow its generals. On 6 April 1814, Napoleon abdicated in favour of his son, but the Allies refused to accept this and demanded unconditional surrender. Napoleon abdicated again, unconditionally, on 11 April; however, the Allies allowed him to retain his title of Emperor. In the Treaty of Fontainebleau the victors exiled him to Elba, a small island in the Mediterranean Sea 20 km off the coast of Italy. Napoleon attempted to commit suicide by taking poison from a vial he carried. However, the poison had weakened with age and he survived to be deported whilst his wife and son took refuge in Vienna. In exile, he ran Elba as a little country, created a tiny navy and army, opened mines, and helped farmers improve their land.
Napoleon Bonaparte became born the fifteenth of August, 1769 on Corsica, in simple terms 3 months after the island were defeated by skill of the French. He could spend his babies hating France, the rustic he could sometime rule. After the French victory, many Corsican rebels fled to the mountains, the place they persevered to combat on. yet Napoleon’s father Carlo, a twenty-3 3 hundred and sixty 5 days-old college student, rather in simple terms submitted to French rule. quickly he became wearing powdered wigs, embroidered waistcoats, and silver buckled shoes. The Bonapartes have been Corsican aristocrats, yet they weren't prosperous. With 8 babies, they struggled just to get by skill of on an island that were impoverished for hundreds of years. Napoleon in no way forgave his father for betraying his Corsican history. He could later say harshly that Carlo became somewhat "too prepared on excitement." His mom, Letizia, became a stressful, austere lady, toughened by skill of warfare, who punished her babies to coach them sacrifice and self-discipline...
Let's see, He was a corporal before emperor, like Hitler after him,. He was short and had fleas, he created the napleonic royals.