I had an ester experiment in lab today and something went unexpected.
I started with 7.5 G Anthranilic Acid and 10ml N-butanol and added 0.15 ml Phosphoric acid (catalyst) and 0.15 ml Cyclohexane with the hope of getting a product of butyl anthranilate.
I used the Hickman and condenser to extract the water using a pipet. I didn't get much water. I let this run with a stir bar and heat for an hour and a half
I then replaced the Hickman with a distillation head and distilled the solution.
The product was meant to smell like plums and it smelt like more of a rotten plum.
This is an IR of the product http://i.imgur.com/DbwWD.jpg
I think I may have created an amide. This was the closest thing I could find to Ir of my product and it is still off.
http://riodb01.ibase.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/cre_f...
I had 2 grams of the product.
I think the product may be this http://i.imgur.com/iZwpa.png
Any suggestions would be great thanks.
Answers & Comments
Verified answer
With such a small amount a acidic catalyst, the main reaction was the salt formation of the acid with the aromatic amino group with none left over for catalyzing the reaction. You product(s) may have been a mixture of the alcohol, some acid and some of the desired ester.
You have to follow the octet rule which means that an element wants to have 8 electrons to make it happy (except Hydrogen can have a max of 2 electrons). In case you didn't know, a single bond is equal to 2 electrons. So if you have a double bond it is equal to 4 electrons, and a triple bond is equal to 6 electrons. So, if you have for example C2H4 you would connect the two central C atoms together (C-C). Now you add 2 H to each C. (This gives you 6 electrons around each carbon). But this Carbon wants 8 electrons. So where do you add 2 more? You can't add a double bond to H because H can only have 2 electrons. So you add a double bond between the C-C bond to make a C=C.That would give each INDIVIDUAL carbon atom 8 electrons and now it is happy :) Now for CH3 +. You need to know how much VALENCE electrons are in the molecule so you know how many electrons to draw in total. 1 carbon has 4 valence electrons, and hydrogen has 1 valence electron, for a total of 7 valence electrons. (4+1+1+1 = 7). The positive charge (+) means that there is one LESS electron. So for this molecule CH3+ you would have 6 valence electrons in total that you have to draw (7-1 = 6). The central atom is C, so draw 3 hydrogens around it with a single bond connecting the H to the C. Drawing 3 bonds now means you have 6 electrons, which is what is needed. For CH3-: Again you start out with the 7 electrons. But the negative (-) means that there is ONE MORE electron. So you would actually need to draw 8 electrons. Start with the central C atom and draw each H out with a single bond. This makes 6 electrons. To add 2 more, you need to put 2 lone pairs (or dots : ) on the C. That gives you 8 electrons. Geometries: CH3+ you have 3 branches extending from the central atom. This means it is a trigonal planar CH3-: you have 4 branches extending from the central C atom. (The lone pairs act as another branch) This means it is a tetrahedral. It is a little hard explaining this with just words and not being able to draw the picture and pointing to each thing, so I strongly suggest looking up KhanAcademy on youtube. He has great videos on chemistry and just about any other subject. You might want to look for the general chemistry playlist to learn about double bonds and how to write CH3, and look for hydbridization under his Organic Chemistry playlist because it is a little tricky to explain by just writing. Hope this helped!
Oh dear. You've created high-quality methenfedamine... NICE!!