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Some plants from the bean family capture atmospheric nitrogen (that most plants can't access) thanks to bacteria that live in special structures in their roots called nodules. When the plants die, the nitrogen compounds are released so other plants can use it as fertilizer. http://www.cahe.nmsu.edu/pubs/_a/a-129.pdf

Tree diseases are often caused by a specific fungus or bacteria, many of which are carried from tree to tree by insects. These insects bore into the tree to lay their eggs, and this infects new trees. Google chestnut blight and Dutch elm disease for examples.

Plants also provide food, shelter, nesting areas, and oxygen for animals.

Plants interact with animals by using the gasses animals put off - carbon dioxide, and turn those gases into food and oxygen for the animals. Animals eat the plants.

one way is through photosynthesis because plants make their own food so they are considered as primary producers. then if animals will eat the plants, the energy which the plant made will be converted to energy of the animal.

another way is in which the plants break down molecules and produce oxygen for the animals to breathe.

defensivel; for protection they grow thorns, or producea toxin so they won't be eaten.

another is they develop bright colors so insects can pollinate them.