Verified answer

Yes - the balls still have inertia and mass and, if thrown, momentum - time to get out of the way

It could if thrown hard enough. Remember inertia is a characteristic that depends on mass, not weight.

For example, if a bowling ball mass m = 7 kg (about 15 lbs on Earth), the impact force on an astronaut up against the bulkhead, so she doesn't move when hit, would be F = dP/dt = m dv/dt. Thus, if the change in velocity dv = 0 + v1 and v1 is the tossed vel0city that reduces to zero on impact is great enough, the force F could be great enough to do some damage. We know this because a balling ball tossed at a person on Earth would do damage if tossed hard enough and it hit a vlunerable spot.

My point is this. Because the force depends on mass, not weight, the impact effect of tossing that bowling ball is the same on the station as it is on Earth.

Now don't get me wrong, there will be other effects on the station that would be different. For example, if the tosser is floating and tosses the ball, she will move in the opposite direction from the toss. So if she's unwilling to smash up against the bulkhead, she'd best anchor to something when tossing that ball.

And the target impact would be softened if the target were also floating. That results because the dt in F = dP/dt would be lengthened causiing the force to decrease. dt would be greater because upon initial impact, the target would begin to move backward away from the ball due to momentum transfer. (This is why I suggested the target be up against the bulkhead when struck...to take the full impact.)